Pastoralists right to land and natural resources in tanzania. Under the 1977 constitution, the head of state and head of government of tanzania is the president s. Tanu merged with zanzibars one party to form the revolutionary party of tanzania, but the merger was more cosmetic than real. Constitution of the united republic of tanzania 1977, as amended. Until 1977 tanu was the only recognized political party on the mainland, but several different candidates normally stood for election for any given seat in the legislature. By lillian nalwoga despite the absence of a right to information law in tanzania, advancements in the adoption of information and communication technology ict in the country are enabling wider information availability in the public domain. At that time, tanu and asp were about to merge into the chama cha mapinduzi ccm, something that happened in 1977. This edition of the constitution of the united republic of tanzania, 1997, incorporates and consolidates all amendments made in the constitution since its enactment by the constituent assembly in 1977 up to the 30th june, 1995. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania of 1977. The 1977 constitution provides for a strong presidential system and a twotier government.
The interim constitution of 1965 established the united republic of tanzania through the merger of tanganyika and zanzibar, until then separate and independent countries. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania as further amended fourth constitution 1977today one month after ccm was founded, the permanent constitution was approved. Key historical and constitutional developments from 1961 at the time of her independence up to 1977, when she got her permanent constitution, tanzania had 5 new constitutions namely. Tanzanias constitutional reform predicament and the survival. After the union, both the countries continued to remain with their own legal systems and court structures. Section 63 of the 1984 constitution provides its legality. Provisions where national assembly is not sitting or in session 43. Introduction this note assesses the information and broadcasting policy issued by the office of the prime minister of the united republic of tanzania october 2003.
This constitution essentially confirmed the main principles of the republic and interim constitutions, i. The constitution of zanzibar preamble resolution of the house of representatives to enact constitution of zanzibar whreas, the house of representatives in its session held on the 9 th day of october, 1984 on behalf of the people of zanzibar realised and resolved. Constitution of the united republic of tanzania last. A permanent constitution for the united republic was approved in 1977 and amended in 1984 to include a bill of rights. The united republic of tanzania draft constituon 20 content article title preamble chapter one the united republic of tanzania part one boundaries, symbols, language, culture and national values 1. The constitution of chama cha mapinduzi ccm in tanzania. After the merger of the tanu on the mainland and asp in zanzibar. The 1977 constitution, with its subsequent amendments which will be discussed in the subsequent paragraphs, is the current constitution of tanzania nyanduga, 1985. Tanzania united republic ofs constitution of 1977 with amendments through 2005.
International covenant on economic, social and cultural rights 11 jun 1976. Furthermore tanzanias ranking on the human development index has dropped by three points indicating increasing levels of inequality. The constitution of 1977 was seriously amended in 1985 by law no. It establishes a list of union matters, such as immigration and foreign policy, similar to the federal matters of the united states. Stanford libraries official online search tool for books, media, journals, databases, government documents and more. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania as further amended fourth constitution 1977 today one month after ccm was founded, the permanent constitution was approved. The consitution of the united republic of tanzania of 1977. Tanzania is a country which was formed by the union of zanzibar and tanganyika in the year 1964. On march 26, 1991, president ali hassan mwinyi appointed a commission under the chairmanship of chief justice francis nyalali to collect views on what type of political system tanzanians would like.
In addition to that, section 106 of the 1977 constitution of the united republic of tanzania urt does recognize the house of representatives of zanzibar. After consolidating his position in his omani sultanate, seyyid said moved his seat from the persian gulf to zanzibar for commercial and strategic reasons. May 25, 2011 the constitution of the united republic of tanzania tanzania, parliament on. The collapse of the soviet union and other external influence highlighted the need for more constitutional reform in tanzania. The age dependency ratio2 for tanzania between 2007 and 2011 is 92 per working age population. Introduction the citizen2 has been recently reporting on the recommendations made for change in the constitution and other laws by a committee that was appointed by the speaker of the national assembly, hon. Tanu and afro shirazi party merged to form chama cha mapinduzi ccm. The modern history of zanzibar started, with the establishment of omani rule. The diplomatic corps, assembled at the annual new year sherry party, were told by the president that the people of tanzania will be fully involved in the process and ultimately, they will be the one to decide. Michaela is a phd candidate in politics at the university of oxford. Court hierarchy in tanzania structure of judiciary in. This revised edition of the constitution of the united republic of tanzania incorporates and consolidates all amendments made therein by the constituent assembly in 1977 up to the 14 th amendment of 2005 and it is printed and published under section 4 of the laws revision.
Mandate functions vision and mission structure office of the clerk administration history compositon. The executive powers belong to the government of the united republic and the government of tanzania zanzibar. Enacted by the parliament of the united republic of tanzania. This act may be cited as the interim constitution of tanzania amendment no. The land act 1999 arrangement of sections section title part i preliminary i. The house of representatives of zanzibar is an institution of democratic representation for the people of zanzibar. The basic law katiba in swahili has been the subject of persistent controversy and contestation since the creation of the united republic of tanzania in 1964. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania.
Centre for human rights, university of pretoria, south africa pdf as amended to 30061995 pdf as amended to 30061995 doc. The same party committee was appointed as the constitutional commission in accordance with the acts. This law is the supreme law of the sovereign united republic of tanzania which governs the area of mainland tanzania and the. Tanzania united republic ofs constitution of 1977 with. This article is part of a series on the politics and government of tanzania. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania, 1977. Tanzania adopted the independence constitution of tanzania. This act may be cited as the national service amendment act. The constitution of kenya revised edition 2009 2008 published by the national council for law reporting with the authority of the attorney general. Debating constitutional amendments in tanzania issa g.
The land registration act an act to provide for the registration of land and for related matters. Pdf tanzanias constitutional reform predicament and the. The written laws miscellaneous amendments bill, 2020. Tanzania travel photos by galen r frysinger, sheboygan. However, several impediments still stand in the way of citizens enjoyment. Restrictions of rights and freedoms during a state of public emergency 44. The united republic, political parties, the people and. Constitution of the united republic of tanzania 1977, as. Mar 24, 2015 initiatives such as that launched by the media institute of southern africa misa tanzania in 2010 to assess the most transparent and most secretive government institutions in the country have led to government recognition and acknowledgment of the need for increased transparency. Tanzania country constitutional profile constitutionnet.
The consitution of the united republic of tanzania of 1977 east africa, zanzibar. Edition notes this edition of the constitution of the republic of tanzania, 1977, incorporates and consolidates all amendments made in the constitution since its enactment by the constituent assembly in 1977 up to the 30th june, 1995cover p. Tanzania is intended here to be restricted to tanzania mainland the former tanganyika, because of the peculiarities of zanzibars political and constitutional history. This is a list of the federal institutions of tanzania legislative branch. The population remains mainly rural 74% and youthful 66% under 25. Constitution, constitution came into force on april 25, 1977 and established.
The constitution of the united republic of tanzania urbanlex. Tanzanias constitutional reform predicament and the survival of the tanganyika and zanzibar union. Michaela collord charts the rocky road from those early days of crossparty cooperation to now. The object of this constitution is to facilitate the building of the united republic as a nation of equal and free individuals enjoying freedom, justice, fraternity and concord, through the pursuit of the policy of socialism and self reliance which emphasizes the application of socialist principles while taking into account the conditions prevailing in the united republic. Other articles where interim constitution is discussed. Employment has been prioritised with the establishment of the tanzania employment agency in 2008 to address high unemployment, yet in 2012 unemployment was back to the 2007 rate of 11. Katiba ya jamhuri ya muungano wa tanzania, ya mwaka 1977. Introduction the citizen2 has been recently reporting on the recommendations made for change in the constitution and other laws by a committee that was appointed by the speaker of the national. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania, 1977 cap.
The area of zanzibar, regional and district boundaries. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania tanzania, parliament on. Note on the united republic of tanzania information and broadcasting policy by article 19 global campaign for free expression london february 2004 i. The journal of pan african studies article pdf available august 2015 with 3,035 reads. The deep sea fisheries management and development bill, 2020. The judiciary has its foundation on article 107a 1 and 107b of the constitution and states clearly about the independence of the judiciary in the united republic of tanzania. Three years on, the process is now on the brink of collapse, mired in partisan gridlock and controversy over the status of the union between mainland tanganyika the. The consitution of the united republic of tanzania of 1977 east africa, zanzibar on. The interim constitution was repealed and replaced by the constitution of tanzania 1977. The enforcement of basic rights and freedoms and the state of. Aug 10, 2010 edition notes this edition of the constitution of the republic of tanzania, 1977, incorporates and consolidates all amendments made in the constitution since its enactment by the constituent assembly in 1977 up to the 30th june, 1995cover p. The enforcement of basic rights and freedoms and the state. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania, 1977 vests the authority and responsibility to administer justice in the judiciary of tanzania.
For countries with previous constitutions, the years are listed. Kassim majaliwa akisoma hotuba ya kuahirisha bunge jijini dodom. The history subfield includes the dates of previous constitutions and the main steps and dates in formulating and implementing the latest constitution. Despite being presented at the outset with a seemingly unsustainable constitutional settlement, a strong executive has repeatedly deferred and obstructed a radical overhaul of the. Ratification of international human rights treaties tanzania. Acts bills hansards order papers resolutions proceedings ministers statement members private motion subsidiary legislation. Fundamental principles of national land policy part iii classification and tenure of land 4. The high court of tanzania has jurisdiction over only those issues which arise in tanzania mainland whereas the high court of zanzibar has. Constitution of the united republic of tanzania, 4 1977, official online gateway of the united republic of tanzania last visited aug. The study reveals findings which range from the adequate provisions of social economic rights in the constitution of united republic of tanzania 1977, lack of effectiveness in the side of judiciary in the enforcement of social economic rights which caused by adequate provisions of social economic rights and insensitiveness of. In tanzania, the current constitution which bears three names. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania of. United republic of tanzania 286 general provisions 104. Tanzanias constitutional reform predicament and the.